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Beliefs and Values

Society’s familiarity with its beliefs and values has contributed to the historical events, the Red Scare and the Salem Witch Hunts. During the 17th century, religious beliefs dictated and restricted society. In Salem, the theocracy system along with beliefs of supernatural and superstitious creatures has provided the perfect basis for an overreaction to accusations of witchcraft. If one did not believe in the bible, it was assumed they believed in the devil, hence creating the reality of witches as the devil’s workers. In the 1950’s capitalism ruled America, the opposing system was obviously communism. America had been fixated with communism before World War II, but afterwards it was in apprehension of the communist government of Russia[1]. In addition, government employees were not above suspicion.

“…intentions of battling communism throughout the world, and in 1947 he [President Truman] authorized a program to investigate the loyalty of federal employees.”[2]

For self-protection one had to accuse others of violating social values. Informers were pardoned while deniers were punished. This is happened during The Crucible, the Salem Witch Hunts and the Red Scare.

“The continuous accusing [during the Red Scare] went on until the original list of over 200 [people] grew to almost 10,000.”[3]

Furthermore, the belief of the innocence of children in the bible allowed for Abigail and the girls in The Crucible to be believed despite their status in society as unmarried.[4]


[1]Naranjo, Roberto,  http://ehistory.osu.edu/world/articles/ArticleView.cfm?AID=66, ‘Historical Analysis of the Cold War’, eHistory Archive, last acessed July 2010

[2]http://www.history.com/this-day-in-history/truman-orders-loyalty-checks-of-federal-employees, ‘Truman Orders Loyalty Checks of Federal Employees’, This Day in History – March 22, last accessed July 2010

[3] http://www.colorado.edu/AmStudies/lewis/2010/mccarthy.htm, ‘The Tydings Committee Report on McCarthy’s Charges(1950)’, last accessed July 2010

[4] http://www.usccb.org/nab/bible/matthew/matthew18.htm, ‘Matthew – Chapter 18, New American Bible, United States Conference of Catholic Bishops, last modified 2002

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